Previously classified as an essential enhancer of insulin action; a clearly required human function is not established.
No Swiss reference value in the current BLV table; essentiality in humans is scientifically debated.
Whole grains, meat, vegetables and spices in small, variable amounts.
No established dietary deficiency in free-living healthy people; historical cases involved special parenteral nutrition.
Chromium supplements do not reliably produce meaningful weight loss or diabetes control.
No specific visible deficiency signs established.
Only special artificial-nutrition settings are discussed.
Routine laboratory tests and self-diagnosis are not useful.
Do not recommend routinely; glucose and weight-loss marketing exceeds the evidence.
High-dose products can harm kidney/liver and interact with medicines.